需求:在同一個環(huán)境下新建Standby RAC庫,即和Primary RAC在相同的磁盤組。
說明:生產環(huán)境一般不建議這樣配置DG,因為存儲層面是相同磁盤組,災備的實際意義不大。我這里是用作讀寫分離。
基本信息:
db_name: jyzhao
Primary RAC db_unique_name:jyzhao
Standby RAC db_unique_name:jyzhaodg
Standby RAC instance_name: jyzhaodg1, jyzhaodg2
版本:GI 11.2.0.4 + DB 11.2.0.4
第四章 rman恢復控制文件
第五章 rman恢復數(shù)據(jù)庫
第六章 備庫開啟日志應用
第七章 創(chuàng)建standby log
第八章 檢查資源狀態(tài)
第一章 準備工作
1.1 ASM存儲
確認RAC Standby存儲是在和RAC Primary相同的ASM磁盤組內(PS:災備效果不明顯),創(chuàng)建RAC Standby存儲目錄(根據(jù)db_unique_name)
mkdir +DATA/JYZHAODGmkdir +FRA/JYZHAODG
1.2 配置tnsnames.ora
cd $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/
cat tnsnames.ora
添加主庫備庫的連接信息(所有節(jié)點):
JYZHAO = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = oradb-scan)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = jyzhao) ) ) jyzhaodg = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = oradb-scan)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = jyzhaodg) ) )
1.3 密碼文件
節(jié)點1:
export ORACLE_SID=jyzhaodg1 密碼文件;cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs orapwd file=orapwjyzhaodg1 password=oracle entries=5 或者直接copy之前的密碼文件,然后mv重命名: cp orapwjyzhao1 orapwjyzhaodg1
節(jié)點2:
export ORACLE_SID=jyzhaodg2 密碼文件;cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs orapwd file=orapwjyzhaodg2 password=oracle entries=5 或者直接copy之前的密碼文件,然后mv重命名: cp orapwjyzhao2 orapwjyzhaodg2
最后測試相互連接可用
sqlplus sys/oracle@jyzhao as sysdba sqlplus sys/oracle@jyzhaodg as sysdba
第二章 源數(shù)據(jù)庫備份
vi backup.sh
備份腳本如下:
rman target / <<EOF run {allocate channel c1 device type disk;allocate channel c2 device type disk; backup as compressed backupset database filesperset 1 format '/u01/orabak/salehrdb_%d_%T_%s.bak'; backup current controlfile format '/u01/orabak/control.bak'; release channel c1; release channel c2; } EOF
后臺執(zhí)行備份任務:
nohup sh backup.sh &
注意:如果使用backup as copy database format方案,就不用再備份到磁盤后再恢復了,可以節(jié)省時間。
backup as copy 方案備份腳本 backupcp.sh內容如下:
rman target / <<EOF run {allocate channel c1 device type disk;allocate channel c2 device type disk; backup as copy database format '+DATA/JYZHAODG/DATAFILE/%u.dbf'; release channel c1; release channel c2; } EOF
注意:這種方式,路徑包含的目錄需手動創(chuàng)建。
mkdir +DATA/JYZHAODG/DATAFILE
第三章 參數(shù)文件
3.1 修改主庫參數(shù)文件
確認當前環(huán)境ORACLE_SID:
echo $ORACLE_SIDexport ORACLE_SID=jyzhao1
根據(jù)spfile文件創(chuàng)建pfile:
create pfile='/tmp/pfile.ora' from spfile;
Primary RAC 添加參數(shù)
--為不停止primary RAC,所以盡可能動態(tài)修改參數(shù): show parameter log_archive_config show parameter db_file_name_convert show parameter log_file_name_convert show parameter fal_client show parameter fal_server show parameter log_archive_dest_3 alter system set log_archive_config='dg_config=(jyzhao,jyzhaodg)'; alter system set db_file_name_convert='+DATA/jyzhaodg','+DATA/jyzhao' scope=spfile; alter system set log_file_name_convert='+DATA/jyzhaodg','+DATA/jyzhao' scope=spfile; alter system set fal_client='jyzhao'; alter system set fal_server='jyzhaodg'; alter system set log_archive_dest_3='service=jyzhaodg valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=jyzhaodg'; --暫時defer傳輸鏈路,防止此時主庫告警生成相關錯誤 SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_state_3=defer;
3.2 修改Standby RAC 參數(shù)
根據(jù)主庫之前導出的參數(shù)文件修改備庫的參數(shù)文件:
cp /tmp/pfile.ora /tmp/pfile_std.ora
vi /tmp/pfile_std.ora
*._high_priority_processes='LMS*'*.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/jyzhaodg/adump'*.audit_trail='db'*.cluster_database=true*.compatible='11.2.0.4.0'*.control_files='+DATA/jyzhaodg/controlfile/current.260.931878631','+FRA/jyzhaodg/controlfile/current.256.931878631'*.db_block_size=8192 *.db_create_file_dest='+DATA'*.db_domain=''*.db_name='jyzhao'*.db_recovery_file_dest='+FRA'*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=4621074432 *.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle'*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=jyzhaoXDB)'jyzhaodg2.instance_number=2 jyzhaodg1.instance_number=1 *.log_archive_format='%t_%s_%r.dbf'*.memory_target=313286272 *.open_cursors=300 *.processes=150 *.remote_listener='oradb-scan:1521'*.remote_login_passwordfile='exclusive'jyzhaodg2.thread=2 jyzhaodg1.thread=1 jyzhaodg2.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS2'jyzhaodg1.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'#adddb_unique_name='jyzhaodg'log_archive_config='dg_config=(jyzhao,jyzhaodg)'#db_unique_namedb_file_name_convert='+DATA/jyzhao','+DATA/jyzhaodg'log_file_name_convert='+DATA/jyzhao','+DATA/jyzhaodg'standby_file_management=auto fal_client='jyzhaodg'#tnsnames.orafal_server='jyzhao'#salehrdblog_archive_dest_3='service=jyzhao valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=jyzhao'
主要是注意后面#add之后的內容。
3.3 在ASM中創(chuàng)建standby的spfile
在ASM中創(chuàng)建standby的spfile,并確定各節(jié)點的參數(shù)文件內容指向磁盤中的spfile。
節(jié)點1:
echo $ORACLE_SID export ORACLE_SID=jyzhaodg1create spfile='+DATA/jyzhaodg/spfilejyzhaodg.ora' from pfile='/tmp/pfile_std.ora';-- cat initjyzhaodg1.ora SPFILE='+DATA/jyzhaodg/spfilejyzhaodg.ora'
節(jié)點2:
echo $ORACLE_SIDexport ORACLE_SID=jyzhaodg2 cat initjyzhaodg2.ora SPFILE='+DATA/jyzhaodg/spfilejyzhaodg.ora'
創(chuàng)建adump目錄(所有節(jié)點)
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/jyzhaodg/adump
3.4 Standby RAC啟動到nomount
節(jié)點1:
echo $ORACLE_SIDexport ORACLE_SID=jyzhaodg1 startup nomount
節(jié)點2:
echo $ORACLE_SIDexport ORACLE_SID=jyzhaodg2 startup nomount
第四章 rman恢復控制文件
在Primary RAC上創(chuàng)建備庫使用的控制文件:
echo $ORACLE_SIDexport ORACLE_SID=jyzhao1 SQL> alter database create standby controlfile as '/tmp/control01.ctlbak';
在Standby RAC的節(jié)點1上恢復控制文件并啟動到mount:
echo $ORACLE_SID export ORACLE_SID=jyzhaodg1restore controlfile from '/tmp/control01.ctlbak';alter database mount; crosscheck backupset;--如果是之前copy到磁盤組的備份沒加載到控制文件中,可以手動catalogcatalog start with '+data/jyzhaodg/DATAFILE';--同樣,如果是之前的備份集沒加載到控制文件中,一樣手動catalogcatalog start with '/u01/orabak/';
查看此時standby記錄的各文件路徑是否符合預期:
SQL> select name from v$datafile;NAME-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- +DATA/jyzhaodg/datafile/system.256.931878537+DATA/jyzhaodg/datafile/sysaux.257.931878537+DATA/jyzhaodg/datafile/undotbs1.258.931878537+DATA/jyzhaodg/datafile/users.259.931878537+DATA/jyzhaodg/datafile/undotbs2.264.931878827+DATA/jyzhaodg/datafile/dbs_d_jingyu.268.9375151736 rows selected. SQL> select member from v$logfile; MEMBER -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- +DATA/jyzhaodg/onlinelog/group_2.262.931878637+FRA/jyzhao/onlinelog/group_2.258.931878639+DATA/jyzhaodg/onlinelog/group_1.261.931878635+FRA/jyzhao/onlinelog/group_1.257.931878637+DATA/jyzhaodg/onlinelog/group_3.265.931879021+FRA/jyzhao/onlinelog/group_3.259.931879023+DATA/jyzhaodg/onlinelog/group_4.266.931879027+FRA/jyzhao/onlinelog/group_4.260.9318790298 rows selected. SQL> select name from v$tempfile;NAME-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- +DATA/jyzhaodg/tempfile/temp.263.931878661SQL> select name from v$controlfile;NAME-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- +DATA/jyzhaodg/controlfile/current.288.937645851+FRA/jyzhaodg/controlfile/current.275.937645851
發(fā)現(xiàn)日志文件有不符合預期的路徑,進行修正:
SQL> show parameter convertNAME TYPE VALUE------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------ db_file_name_convert string +DATA/jyzhao, +DATA/jyzhaodg log_file_name_convert string +DATA/jyzhao, +DATA/jyzhaodg SQL> alter system set log_file_name_convert='+DATA/jyzhao','+DATA/jyzhaodg','+FRA/jyzhao','+FRA/jyzhaodg' scope=spfile; SQL> shutdown immediate; ORA-01109: database not open Database dismounted. ORACLE instance shut down. SQL> startup mount; ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 313159680 bytes Fixed Size 2252824 bytes Variable Size 222302184 bytes Database Buffers 83886080 bytes Redo Buffers 4718592 bytes Database mounted. SQL> select member from v$logfile; MEMBER -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- +DATA/jyzhaodg/onlinelog/group_2.262.931878637+FRA/jyzhaodg/onlinelog/group_2.258.931878639+DATA/jyzhaodg/onlinelog/group_1.261.931878635+FRA/jyzhaodg/onlinelog/group_1.257.931878637+DATA/jyzhaodg/onlinelog/group_3.265.931879021+FRA/jyzhaodg/onlinelog/group_3.259.931879023+DATA/jyzhaodg/onlinelog/group_4.266.931879027+FRA/jyzhaodg/onlinelog/group_4.260.9318790298 rows selected.
第五章 rman恢復數(shù)據(jù)庫
Standby RAC節(jié)點1:
確定ORACLE_SID變量:
echo $ORACLE_SIDexport ORACLE_SID=jyzhaodg1
a. 如果是使用從備份集恢復的方式
vi restore.sh
rman target / <<EOF! > db_restore.logrun {allocate channel d1 type disk;allocate channel d2 type disk; restore database; release channel d1; release channel d2; }exit; EOF!
nohup sh restore.sh &
b. 如果是直接使用copy到磁盤組的
直接switch database to copy即可。
RMAN> switch database to copy;using target database control file instead of recovery catalog datafile 1 switched to datafile copy "+DATA/jyzhaodg/datafile/0eru6m4s.dbf"datafile 2 switched to datafile copy "+DATA/jyzhaodg/datafile/0fru6m4s.dbf"datafile 3 switched to datafile copy "+DATA/jyzhaodg/datafile/0hru6meo.dbf"datafile 4 switched to datafile copy "+DATA/jyzhaodg/datafile/0iru6mg5.dbf"datafile 5 switched to datafile copy "+DATA/jyzhaodg/datafile/0jru6mg6.dbf"datafile 6 switched to datafile copy "+DATA/jyzhaodg/datafile/0gru6men.dbf http://www.cnblogs.com/jyzhao/p/6495169.html